Drill bits may look like simple tools you have in a toolbox, but they're actually important in all projects. These tools help you make holes in different materials quickly and accurately. Besides, you can use them when doing a small craft at home or working on a construction site. In other words, using the right drill bit can help you finish your work more safely.
In this article, we will explore the various types of bits for drilling. We will guide you to the materials that enhance the bits' performance. Also, we will show you how to choose the right bit and the best practises for proper maintenance. After reading this, you can choose the right drilling and cutting tool for your needs!
What are drill bits used for?
Drill bits are one of the construction tools to create holes in materials. These tools usually work on some materials like wood, plastic, metals, and masonry. They come in different shapes, sizes, and materials. Each of the bits is designed to perform optimally in specific conditions. In the end, understanding the proper type of drill bit improves efficiency and safety.
The main purpose of this tool is to create holes in the material. When the bit rotates at high speed, it removes some material that gradually creates a cylindrical opening. Moreover, workers can use the hole for inserting screws, bolts, or nails. In other words, a drill bit creates the perfect hole that makes two parts fit tightly.
Common types of drill bits
Drill bits come in many shapes and sizes. Each of them is made for drilling specific material. Some are great for making holes through wood, while others are tough enough to handle metal or concrete. Choosing the right bit for projects can save time and keep the drill in good shape. As a result, you will have materials with clean and accurate holes. In the next section, we'll explore the common types of the drill bit.
Twist drill bits
Twist drill bits are the most common drilling tools used in different industries. They are widely used in construction sites, woodworking shops, and home projects. People usually attach the bit to a hand or electric drill. This bit has a cylindrical shape and spiralling grooves called flutes. These flutes help remove materials to create a perfect hole.
Twist bits are usually made from high-speed steel, so they can drill into strong material precisely. In addition, the tip angle and the edge help the bit drill better into different materials. When using the twist bit, it's important to use the right speed, pressure, and lubrication to get the best results.
Spade drill bits
Spade bits are flat drill bits for drilling a large hole in softer materials. They have a sharp central point to ensure the bit is in the right position. In addition, they have two cutting edges for removing materials as the bit spins. Moreover, these bits are popular among electricians and plumbers.
Besides the central point and cutting edges, spade bits also have a flat blade to cut materials faster. They are commonly used for softwoods, hardwoods, and certain plastics. The angled edges on the bit's head carve through material quickly. In short, these bits are perfect for drilling a rough hole.
Forstner drill bits
Forstner drill bits are special tools that create holes with a smooth, flat bottom. Each bit has a centre point and a circular cutting edge to cleanly slice through wood fibres and reduce splintering. This design also makes it possible to drill partial holes without cutting all the way through. In addition, Forstner bits can create overlapping holes without drifting off the target.
Workers usually attach the Forstner bit to the handheld drill. However, a press drill provides better speed and depth control. Because the wide and flat cutting surface creates a lot of friction, it is important to clean the sawdust often. Moreover, drilling at a moderate speed helps prevent overheating.
Masonry drill bits
Masonry drill bits are special bits for drilling hard materials like brick, concrete, stone, or other surfaces. They have a hard tip to handle the heat and friction from drilling into solid walls or floors. Besides, the spiral grooves along the bit help clear dust and debris. As a result, the hole is free from getting clogged.
Masonry bits have a blunt tip that grinds or crushes the material. Using a regular drill with masonry bits attachment can work for softer materials. However, a hammer drill or rotary hammer is usually better for drilling the hard surface with a masonry bit. In addition, some bits even have special coatings that reduce heat to make them last longer.
Materials and coatings for drill bits
Drill bits come in different materials and coatings. Each of these bits is designed to handle different tasks and improve the drill performance. The best option depends on factors such as the hardness of the material, the drilling speed, and the desired lifespan of the bit. Therefore, here's an overview of the materials and coatings used in the drill bit:
- High-Speed Steel (HSS): High-Speed Steel bits are made from materials like tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. These bits can handle higher temperatures without losing their hardness. Because of this, they're a good choice for drilling wood, plastic, and softer metals like aluminium.
- Carbide-Tipped: Carbide-tipped bits have a steel shank (the main body) with a tip made from tungsten carbide. This material makes the bit much harder and more heat-resistant. As a result, these bits work great for drilling into tough materials like concrete, brick, or tile.
- Titanium and Cobalt Coatings: Sometimes, HSS drill bits get special coatings like titanium or cobalt. A titanium coating helps reduce friction and heat. Meanwhile, cobalt-coated bits are even more resistant to heat. This coating makes them great for drilling hard metals like stainless steel.
Drill bits care and maintenance
Knowing the type, material, and coating of drill bits helps to make sure they're suitable for the work. However, taking care of the bits is important to keep them working properly. Doing regular checks for cracks or wear can help avoid bigger problems. In other words, maintaining the bit reduces the need for replacements and leads to better results.
The first thing to do after using the bit is wipe off any dust or shavings. If there's sticky stuff like resin or grease, use a mild cleaner or solvent, then dry the drill bit so it won't rust. Sharpening the bit using a bench grinder helps it work well again. To protect the bits from moisture, store them in their cases and make sure they don't rub against each other.
Besides maintaining these bits, applying the proper drilling technique is also important. Press the drill steadily, and don't force it to avoid overheating. When working with materials, make sure to use the right bit. In addition, check for damages to avoid accidents when working with the bit. Taking care of and maintaining the drill bit makes the work easier.
Conclusion
In conclusion, choosing the right drill bits is the key to making holes and staying safe while working with materials. Different bits, like twist and masonry, are made for certain jobs. Therefore, it's important to pick the correct one for the project. Besides choosing the bit, taking proper care extends the lifespan of these tools. With a good understanding of bit types and maintenance, selecting and using the best tool for any project becomes much simpler.
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